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      A note on the next two stories:

      以下兩個故事的小註解：

The Hebrew Bible, or the Old Testament, is known to modern readers from the Masoretic text, a compilation of Hebrew texts assembled by Jewish scholars in the seventh to tenth centuries A.D. from older scrolls and codices. That text, and thus the Old Testament, contain two creation stories. It is not unusual for cultures to have multiple creation stories, and throughout this booklet the paraphrases have melded two or more variations of a culture's creation story into one. However, because the two stories in the Old Testament are so different, the two stories are recounted separately here as "Yahweh" and then "The Elohim".

現代讀者所知的希伯來聖經或舊約聖經是從馬索拉文本而來，它是由西元七到十世紀的猶太學者收集較舊的捲軸和抄本，彙編而成的希伯來文本。該文本以及舊約聖經有兩個創世故事。文化中存有多個創世故事並不罕見，在這本小冊子的釋義中，是將一個文化中兩個或多個版本的創世故事融合為一個故事。但是，由於舊約中的兩個故事差太多了，所以這裡將這兩個故事分為「耶和華」和「以羅欣」，各自單獨敘述。

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This creation story is from Genesis 2:4 to 3:24 of the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament. Extensive analysis of its style and content have led scholars of the Bible to conclude that the story was written in about the Tenth Century B.C.. That was around the time of King Solomon's reign and in a time when Israel was a powerful nation. In contrast, the story in Genesis 1:1 to 2:3 was written three or four centuries later and under very different circumstances.

這個創世故事來自希伯來聖經或舊約的創世紀2：4到3：24。聖經學者對其風格和內容廣泛分析後，得出了這個故事是在西元前十世紀寫成的。那時大約是所羅門王統治的時期，而當時的以色列是一個強大的國家。相較之下，創世記1：1到2：3中的故事則是三或四個世紀之後，在非常不同的情勢之下所寫成的。

The author of the story in Genesis 2:4 to 3:24 is known to scholars as "J". That is because J referred to the creator as Yahweh ( "YHVH" in ancient Hebrew, or "Jahweh" in the German native to many scholars of the Bible, or ultimately "Jehovah" in modern usage). The paraphrase below maintains J's use of the Hebrew name "Yahweh" rather than the English word "God". The latter is, after all, only a derivative of the German word "Gott" and is in no way tied to the Hebrew language of the Old Testament or even the Greek of the New Testament.

創世紀2：4到3：24故事的作者被學者們稱為「J」。那是因為J將造物主稱為耶和華（古希伯來文中的「YHVH」，或是許多聖經學者在德文中使用的「Jahweh」，或是最終在現代用法中的「Jehovah」）。下面的釋義保留了J在希伯來文中所使用的名字「Yahweh」而不是英文的「God」。畢竟後者只是德文「Gott」的衍生詞，而無法與舊約的希伯來文或甚至是新約的希臘文聯繫在一起。

Some scholars have considered J the more primitive or rural of the two authors of the creation stories in Genesis. Others are more generous and characterize J as a poet rather than a priest. J was probably recording his or her people's oral traditions in written form. Certainly J's story is a more human story of temptation and punishment than the austere story written later by the author known as "P", and J's creator is more anthropomorphic.

一些學者認為J比創世紀中其他兩位創世故事的作者更為粗糙或鄉土味濃厚。其他的學者倒是比較寬容，他們將J描述為詩人而不是教士。J可能是將他或她的人民口頭流傳下來的故事以書面的形式記錄下來。確實，J的故事比由後來被稱為「P」所寫的簡樸禁慾的故事還要偏向誘惑和懲罰的人性故事，J故事中的造物主更像人，具有人性的一面。

In J's story, the humans that are created have names. To English speakers, "Adam" and "Eve" are just names, but "Adam" meant "man" in ancient Hebrew and may also have been a play on "adamah", the Hebrew word for "earth" or "clay". "Eve" was the word for "life".

在J的故事中，被創造出來的人是有名字的。對於講英文的人來說，「亞當」和「夏娃」就只是名字而已，但是「亞當」在古希伯來文中的意思是「人」，它也可能是對「adamah」(希伯來文中的「地球」或「黏土」)玩個文字遊戲。「夏娃」則是指「生命」這個字。

Yahweh[1]

耶和華

On the day that Yahweh made the heavens and the earth, the land was dry and barren until a mist came up from the earth and wetted the land. Then Yahweh took dust from the earth and shaped it into the form of a man, and he breathed life into that form, and it came to life.

在耶和華造出天地的那一天，霧氣從大地上升起，濕潤了原先乾燥貧瘠的土地。耶和華取了大地上塵土，將它塑造成一個人的形狀並為這個人形注入生命，所以它就活了過來。

Yahweh created a garden in a place called Eden. In this garden Yahweh placed all the trees that bear fruit, including the tree of life and the tree of knowledge of good and evil. A river flowed out of Eden and watered the garden, and there it divided to become four rivers that flow to the four corners of the world. Yahweh put the man there and instructed him to cultivate the garden and to eat of whatever fruit he liked, except for fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil.

耶和華在一個名叫伊甸的地方創造了一個園子。他在這個園子中放了所有能結出果實的樹木，包括生命樹和分辨善惡樹。有一條從伊甸流出來的河流，澆灌了園子，在那，它分成了四條河流，流向世界的四個角落。耶和華把男人放入園子裡並教導他耕種，也告訴他，除了分辨善惡樹上的果實之外，他可以吃任何他喜歡的果實。

Then Yahweh decided that the man should not be alone, and that he should have a helper. Thus Yahweh made the beasts of the field and the birds of the air, and the man gave a name to each of them. However, none were fit to be his helper, so Yahweh made the man fall into a deep sleep and took one of the man's ribs, and he made it into a woman. This man was Adam, and the woman's name was Eve.

然後耶和華覺得不應該讓男人孤單著，他應該有一個幫手。耶和華創造出田野的走獸和空中的飛鳥，然後由那個人為牠們取名。但牠們卻沒有一個適合成為他的幫手，所以耶和華就讓這個男人陷入沉睡，取出他的一根肋骨，將它變成一個女人。這個男人就是亞當，而女人的名字是夏娃。

In the garden was a snake, and the snake persuaded the woman that she could eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil without dying, and that eating the fruit would give her Yahweh's knowledge of good and evil. She ate the fruit, and she gave some to the man too. For the first time they were ashamed of being naked, and so they made aprons for themselves.

園子裡有一條蛇，蛇說服了女人，說她就算吃掉分辨善惡樹上的果實也不會死掉，而吃掉了這個果實，她就可以得到耶和華分辨善惡的能力。她吃了果實，也把一些果實給了男人。他們第一次對赤裸著身體感到羞恥，所以他們就為自己做了外裙遮蓋身體。

When the man and woman heard Yahweh in the garden, they hid from him, but Yahweh called them out and asked why they had hidden. The man explained that they hid because of their scanty clothing. Yahweh asked the man how they knew to be ashamed of nudity, and if they had eaten the forbidden fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The man explained that the woman had eaten of the fruit and given him some too. When Yahweh asked the woman, she explained that the snake had beguiled her into eating the fruit.

當男人和女人聽到耶和華在園子裡時，他們躲了起來，不讓他發現，但是耶和華把他們叫出來，問他們為什麼要躲起來。男人解釋說，他們躲起來是因為衣服穿太少了。耶和華問男人說他是怎麼知道該對裸體感到羞恥的，是不是他們吃了分辨善惡樹上的禁果。男人解釋說，是女人吃了果實，然後也給了他一些的。當耶和華問女人時，她解釋說是蛇誘騙她吃果實的。

Yahweh said to the snake, "Because of what you have done, you are cursed more than any other animal, and you will have to crawl on your belly in the dust, and you will be beaten by the offspring of this woman". To the woman Yahweh said, "You will be cursed with great pain in giving birth to children, yet you will have the desire to reproduce, and your husband will rule you." Finally, to the man Yahweh said, "Because of what you have done, the ground is cursed and you will never eat of this fruit again. You will grow plants and fields and eat bread until you die, until you become the dust from which you were made."

耶和華對蛇說：「因為你所做的事，所以你會比其他動物受到的詛咒還要多，你將必須在塵土中用腹部爬行，而且你將會被女人的後代毆打。」耶和華對女人說：「詛咒你生孩子時會受到極大的痛苦，但是你還是會有著繁衍的慾望，而你的丈夫將會支配著你。」最後，對男人，耶和華則說：「因為你所做的事，土地將被詛咒，而你再也不能吃到這種果實。你將種植植物和耕田，吃著麵包直至你死去，直至你化作用來製造你的塵土。」

Then Yahweh said, "This man has become like us, knowing good and evil - next he will seek the tree of life and try to live forever." Therefore Yahweh made the man and woman clothing and drove them out of the Garden of Eden, and he placed a winged half-human, half-lion creature at the Garden's gate to keep them out.

然後耶和華說：「這人已經變得像我們一樣，能夠分辨善惡，接著他將尋求生命樹來取得永生。」因此，耶和華讓男人和女人穿上衣服並將他們趕出伊甸園，他在園子的門口放了一隻帶著翅膀半人半獅的生物，讓他們無法進入。