bubble50 DH Freelance 中翻英 英翻中

      This story comes from the Hopi people of northern Arizona. "Hopi" means "People of Peace". The stories here were recorded in the 1950s by Oswald White Bear Fredericks and his wife Naomi from the storytelling of older Hopi at the village of Oraibi, which tree-ring dating indicates has been inhabited by the Hopi since at least 1150 AD.

      這個故事來自於亞利桑那州北部的霍比人。「霍比」的意思是「和平之人」。這些故事於1950年代時期由Oswald White Bear Fredericks和他的妻子Naomi所記錄，這些是他們從奧萊比村莊說書的老霍比人那裡聽來的故事。從樹的年輪來推算，霍比人至少從西元1150年開始就已經居住在這個村莊裡。

The Four Creations[1]

創世創四

      The world at first was endless space in which existed only the Creator, Taiowa. This world had no time, no shape, and no life, except in the mind of the Creator. Eventually the infinite creator created the finite in Sotuknang, whom he called his nephew and whom he created as his agent to establish nine universes. Sotuknang gathered together matter from the endless space to make the nine solid worlds. Then the Creator instructed him to gather together the waters from the endless space and place them on these worlds to make land and sea. When Sotuknang had done that, the Creator instructed him to gather together air to make winds and breezes on these worlds.

     最初只有造物主Taiowa存在於這個無盡空間的世界之中。除了在造物主的心中，這個世界並沒有時間、沒有形體、沒有生命。最終，無限的造物主創造了有限的Sotuknang，這個人被他稱為他的侄子，並且以造物主代理人的身分建立了九個宇宙。Sotuknang從無盡空間中聚集出物質來，製造出九個實體世界。然後造物主指導他從無盡空間中聚集出水來，並將水放在這些世界上，來建立陸地與海洋。當Sotuknang完成後，造物主指導他聚集空氣，在這些世界上製造出風和微風。

      The fourth act of creation with which the Creator charged Sotuknang was the creation of life. Sotuknang went to the world that was to first host life and there he created Spider Woman, and he gave her the power to create life. First Spider Woman took some earth and mixed it with saliva to make two beings. Over them she sang the Creation Song, and they came to life. She instructed one of them, Poqanghoya, to go across the earth and solidify it. She instructed the other, Palongawhoya, to send out sound to resonate through the earth, so that the earth vibrated with the energy of the Creator. Poqanghoya and Palongawhoya were despatched to the poles of the earth to keep it rotating.

      造物主命令Sotuknang創造的第四種東西是生命。Sotuknang到了第一個將有生命的世界，在那裡他創造了Spider Woman，並賦予她創造生命的力量。首先，Spider Woman拿了一些土，並用唾液混合這些土，創造出兩個生物。她為他們唱了創生曲後，他們就活過來了。她吩咐其中之一的Poqanghoya穿越大地，穩固好它。她再吩咐另外一個Palongawhoya發出聲波穿入大地，使大地能以造物主的能量震動。隨後他們倆個被派遣到地球的兩極，保持地球的旋轉。

      Then Spider Woman made all the plants, the flowers, the bushes, and the trees. Likewise she made the birds and animals, again using earth and singing the Creation Song. When all this was done, she made human beings, using yellow, red, white, and black earth mixed with her saliva. Singing the Creation Song, she made four men, and then in her own form she made four women. At first they had a soft spot in their foreheads, and although it solidified, it left a space through which they could hear the voice of Sotuknang and their Creator. Because these people could not speak, Spider Woman called on Sotuknang, who gave them four languages. His only instructions were for them to respect their Creator and to live in harmony with him.

     Spider Woman創造了所有的植物、花朵、灌木叢和樹木。同樣地，她再次使用土壤和創生曲，創造了鳥類和動物。當這一切都完成後，她用黃色、紅色、白色和黑色的泥土與她的唾液混合，創造出人類。在唱出創生曲後，她創造出四個男人，然後用自己的樣子創造出四個女人。起初他們的額頭上有一個軟軟的點，雖然它凝固了，但也留下了一個空隙，可以讓他們聽到Sotuknang和他們造物主的聲音。因為這些人不會說話，所以Spider Woman去找了Sotuknang，後者給了他們四種語言。他唯一的吩咐是讓他們尊重他們的造物主並與他和諧地相處。

      These people spread across the earth and multiplied. Despite their four languages, in those days they could understand each other's thoughts anyway, and for many years they and the animals lived together as one. Eventually, however, they began to divide, both the people from the animals and the people from each other, as they focused on their differences rather than their similarities. As division and suspicion became more widespread, only a few people from each of the four groups still remembered their Creator. Sotuknang appeared before these few and told them that he and the Creator would have to destroy this world, and that these few who remembered the Creator must travel across the land, following a cloud and a star, to find refuge. These people began their treks from the places where they lived, and when they finally converged Sotuknang appeared again. He opened a huge ant mound and told these people to go down in it to live with the ants while he destroyed the world with fire, and he told them to learn from the ants while they were there. The people went down and lived with the ants, who had storerooms of food that they had gathered in the summer, as well as chambers in which the people could live. This went on for quite a while, because after Sotuknang cleansed the world with fire it took a long time for the world to cool off. As the ants' food ran low, the people refused the food, but the ants kept feeding them and only tightened their own belts, which is why ants have such tiny waists today.

      這些人遍布在全球並且持續繁衍。儘管有四種語言，但在那些日子裡，他們卻都能理解彼此的思想，多年來他們和動物一同生活在一起。然而，最終，不論是動物和人類，或是人類和人類之間，他們開始出現分歧，因為他們只看到彼此的不同，而不是彼此的相似之處。隨著分歧和懷疑更加的擴散開來，四個群體中只有少數人仍然記得他們的造物主。隨後，Sotuknang出現在這幾個人的面前，並告訴他們他和造物主將不得不摧毀這個世界，而這些記得造物主的少數人必須跟著雲朵和星辰，穿越這片土地，尋找避難所。這些人從他們居住的地方開始跋山涉水，當他們最終匯合時，Sotuknang又出現了。他打開了一個巨大的蟻丘，並告訴這些人在他用火摧毀世界的時候，進入這個蟻丘和螞蟻一起生活，他說，當他們住在那裡的時候，要向螞蟻學習。這些人進入蟻丘並與螞蟻生活在一起，螞蟻有好幾個儲藏室存有牠們夏天收集的食物，以及人類可以居住的房間。這個情況持續了很長一段時間，因為在Sotuknang用火清理世界後，花了很長的時間世界才冷卻下來。由於螞蟻的食物存量變少了，人類就拒絕食用這些食物，但是螞蟻仍不停地餵養他們，而選擇勒緊褲帶，讓自己餓，這就是為什麼現在螞蟻的腰這麼細。

      Finally Sotuknang was done making the second world, which was not quite as beautiful as the first. Again he admonished the people to remember their Creator as they and the ants that had hosted them spread across the earth. The people multiplied rapidly and soon covered the entire earth. They did not live with the animals, however, because the animals in this second world were wild and unfriendly. Instead the people lived in villages and built roads between these, so that trade sprang up. They stored goods and traded those for goods from elsewhere, and soon they were trading for things they did not need. As their desire to have more and more grew, they began to forget their Creator, and soon wars over resources and trade were breaking out between villages. Finally Sotuknang appeared before the few people who still remembered the Creator, and again he sent them to live with the ants while he destroyed this corrupt world. This time he ordered Poqanghoya and Palongawhoya to abandon their posts at the poles, and soon the world spun out of control and rolled over. Mountains slid and fell, and lakes and rivers splashed across the land as the earth tumbled, and finally the earth froze over into nothing but ice.

      Sotuknang總算完成創造第二個世界，這個世界並不像第一個世界那麼美麗。當人類和那些接待他們的螞蟻遍布地球時，他再一次告誡人類要記住他們的造物主。人類迅速繁衍，很快就覆蓋了整個地球。然而，他們沒有和動物一起生活，因為第二個世界的動物們太兇猛，也不友善。相反地，人類住在村莊里，並在這些村莊之間修築道路，好讓貿易產生。他們儲存貨物並將貨物與其他地方的貨物交換，很快地，他們就交換到許多他們用不到的東西。隨著慾望的增長，他們開始忘記了造物主，很快地村莊之間就爆發了資源與貿易的戰爭。最後Sotuknang出現在仍然記得造物主的少數人面前，並且當他摧毀這個腐敗的世界時，他再次將這些人送到螞蟻那裡，讓他們與螞蟻一起生活。這次他命令Poqanghoya和Palongawhoya離開他們在兩極的崗位，很快地世界就失去控制並整個翻了過來。當大地翻動時，山脈滑落、湖泊和河流濺到陸地上，最後大地凍結成冰。

      This went on for years, and again the people lived with the ants. Finally Sotuknang sent Poqanghoya and Palongawhoya back to the poles to resume the normal rotation of the earth, and soon the ice melted and life returned. Sotuknang called the people up from their refuge, and he introduced them to the third world that he had made. Again he admonished the people to remember their Creator as they spread across the land. As they did so, they multiplied quickly, even more quickly than before, and soon they were living in large cities and developing into separate nations. With so many people and so many nations, soon there was war, and some of the nations made huge shields on which they could fly, and from these flying shields they attacked other cities. When Sotuknang saw all this war and destruction, he resolved to destroy this world quickly before it corrupted the few people who still remembered the Creator. He called on Spider Woman to gather those few and, along the shore, she placed each person with a little food in the hollow stem of a reed. When she had done this, Sotuknang let loose a flood that destroyed the warring cities and the world on which they lived.

      這個情況持續許多年，人們再次與螞蟻生活在一起。最後Sotuknang將Poqanghoya和Palongawhoya送回兩極，恢復地球的正常旋轉，不久，冰就融化了，生命再次復甦。Sotuknang把人類從避難所召集起來，並為他們介紹他所創造的第三個世界。在人類遍布所有陸地時，他再一次告誡他們要記住他們的造物主。將其銘記在心後，他們迅速繁衍開來，甚至比以前更快。很快地他們就生活在大城市中並發展成各個獨立的國家。因為有著如此數量龐大的人類和國家，不久後，戰爭就發生了，一些國家製造出可以讓他們飛行的巨大盾牌，並在這些飛行盾牌上攻擊其他城市。當Sotuknang看到了一切的戰爭和毀滅時，他決定趕在那些仍然記得造物主的少數人也一同敗壞之前，迅速地摧毀這個世界。他叫Spider Woman將那些少數人聚集在一起，順著沿岸，她交給每個人一些食物，並將他們放入一個空心的蘆葦莖裡。在這之後，Sotuknang釋放了洪水，摧毀交戰的城市和他們所居住的世界。

      Once the rocking of the waves ceased, Spider Woman unsealed the reeds so the people could see. They floated on the water for many days, looking for land, until finally they drifted to an island. On the island they built little reed boats and set sail again to the east. After drifting many days, they came to a larger island, and after many more days to an even larger island. They hoped that this would be the fourth world that Sótuknang had made for them, but Spider Woman assured them that they still had a long and hard journey ahead. They walked across this island and built rafts on the far side, and set sail to the east again. They came to a fourth and still larger island, but again they had to cross it on foot and then build more rafts to continue east. From this island, Spider Woman sent them on alone, and after many days they encountered a vast land. Its shores were so high that they could not find a place to land, and only by opening the doors in their heads did they know where to go to land.

      當洶湧的海浪平靜下來後，Spider Woman開啟了蘆葦，讓人類重見天日。為了尋找土地，他們在海面上漂流了許多天，最後他們終於漂到了一個島。在島上，他們建造了一些小蘆葦船並再次向東方航行。在漂流了好幾天之後，他們來到了一個更大的島嶼，再經過更多天後，他們又到了一個更大的島嶼。他們希望這是Sótuknang為他們創造的第四個世界，但Spider Woman和他們說，他們仍有一個漫長而艱辛的旅程要走。他們穿過這個島嶼，在遠處建造木筏，再次向東方航行。他們來到了第四個更大的島嶼，但是，再一次地，他們又必須徒步穿過它，然後建造更多的木筏繼續向東方航行。從這個島開始，Spider Woman將他們獨自送走，然後再經過許多天，他們碰到了一塊遼闊的土地。它的海岸高到他們無法找到一個停靠的地方，只有當他們打開頭上的門，他們才知道如何進入這塊土地。

      When they finally got ashore, Sotuknang was there waiting for them. As they watched to the west, he made the islands that they had used like stepping stones disappear into the sea. He welcomed them to the fourth world, but he warned them that it was not as beautiful as the previous ones, and that life here would be harder, with heat and cold, and tall mountains and deep valleys. He sent them on their way to migrate across the wild new land in search of the homes for their respective clans. The clans were to migrate across the land to learn its ways, although some grew weak and stopped in the warm climates or rich lands along the way. The Hopi trekked and far and wide, and went through the cold and icy country to the north before finally settling in the arid lands between the Colorado River and Rio Grande River. They chose that place so that the hardship of their life would always remind them of their dependence on, and link to, their Creator.

      在他們最終上岸時，Sotuknang正在那裡等著他們。當他們看向西方的時候，他讓那些他們曾經像踏腳石一樣使用過的島嶼消失在海裡。他歡迎他們到第四個世界，但他警告他們，這個世界不像以前那樣的美麗，而且這裡的生活可能更加艱辛，有著炎熱與寒冷、高山與深谷。他將他們送上遷徙的路上，讓他們在這片新荒地中尋找家園，建立各自的氏族。這些氏族要在遷徙的過程中適應這片新荒地，儘管有些人在路途中變得虛弱，並停留在溫暖的氣候或富饒的土地上。霍比人卻遠道跋涉，向北經過天寒地凍的國家，最後定居在科羅拉多河和格蘭河之間的乾旱地區。會選擇那個地方是因為生活中的艱辛總會提醒他們對造物主的依賴和聯繫。